Kurzanleitung to the new operating system f}r the Mechatronic
 --------------------------------------------------------- 80-character card --------------- 
The most important difference of this operating system 3,1 is that, dâ the RCU BASE in the range
 between > 1000 and > 1F00 is freely w{hlbar, if this is occupied with another card not already.
 The RCU BASE is stopped by means of the DIP switches 3,1 to 3,4. The DIP Schalterreihe 1,1
 to 1,8 determines further the position of the characters on the display. With the DIP switch 2,1 the 
50/60 cycles per second of switching are made. DIP 2,2 switches between German umlauts and the
 ASCII character record in the TEXT80-Darstellung. Dip 2,3 is the in/au~erbetriebnahme of the 
INTERRUPT keys on the card. The n{chste gro~e [ nderung is the variable VRAM shift.
 Most programs function with the shift of the VRAM's, as already with the old Bertiebssystem 
the case was. There should be however problems, perhaps the load attempt without shift can f}hren
 to the target. The shift is stopped with DIP switch 2,4. In the version 3.1 au~erdem still some instruction
 are implemented: - call basic this instruction has the same effect, as if the left INTERRUPT key gedr}
ckt w{re. Delete"RESCOL " sets the color definitions on its basic values zur}ck. (ge{ndert with Defcol,
 DELETE " GREY " o{.) DELETE " GREY " produces 2 times 8 gray tones 

This guidance is to serve only as kurzanleitung and lays no claim on Vollst{ndigkeit. There should be problems 
with the new operating system, they contact please the authors: CH Winter Harald Glaab Rembr}cker way 
44 Bleichstr 5 6053 Obertshausen 8750 Aschaffenburg Basic adjustment of the 80-character cards The DIP
 - Switches with the DIP switch S1 k|nnen you the position of the picture on the monitor within certain 
boundaries adjust. If all switches on out are, then the picture from the video CONTROLLER is in the center.
 If the picture is not however with your monitor in the center, then you k|nnen this as follows adjust: 
S1: OFF DOWN ON ABOVE S2-S4: St{rke of the high or low shift S5: ON ON THE LEFT OF OFF RIGHT 
S6-S8: St{rke of the left or right shift. The DIP switch S2 has repeated functions. In detail: S1: Off PAL version,
 i.e. the video CONTROLLER operates in PAL definitions (50Hz), ON-NTSC version, i.e. the video 
CONTROLLER operates after NTSC specifications. S2: ON - tracer INTERRUPT is permitted, 
OFF Tasterinterrupt is not not permitted. For the regulation and function of these keys see below.
 S3: ON - US ASCII character set is loaded, OFF German character set is loaded. S4 to S6 are at present
 not yet occupied.
The Dip switch S3 serves the adjustment of the RCU BASE ADDRESS of the 80 character card. 
Note: These mu~ f}r a perfect function on > 1000 other addresses are not zul{ssig, therefore all switches
 of S3 on ON m}ssen should you another extension have had, which occupies the RCU-cAdresse>1000,
 mu~ these to be removed, or inquire you with the manufacturer the more ser, how this l{~t itself { ndern.
 The RCU ADDRESS > 1000 was reserved by Texas Instruments f}r Pr}fzwecke and f}r quite special 
extensions, it d}rfte thus so far no other extension on it to actually be dependent. 
The keys: Two keys on the circuit board, which are bet{tigt by means of a small pointed article (pencil, are)
 from above by the Ge h{use k|nnen. These complicated operating of items mu~ten to be inserted, since 
Texas Instruments unfortunately used false " values with some consoles in the TI basic and also modules 
" f}r the adjustment of the original video CONTROLLER. If you see indefinable character on the display 
anschlie~end with its console TI basic or a module to thus anw{hlen and " nothing " or, bet{tigen you ask
 briefly the key 1 (link key, if it before the console sit-n)-sitting n) that Vide control more ler the 80 character
 card thereupon switched and everything functions as used. Please you consider however, dâ you then after
 leaving the program or the recall of the title of picture once still zus{tzlich the Quit key dr}cken m}ssen, 
since with you the correct frontispiece sees and everything again correctly operate if you should not switch 
a such console or modules to possess, you the switch 2 from DIP 2 to OFF, so that no malfunctioning is
 m|glich, because this knows unpleasant consequences haben.Bet{tigen you the switch 1 without dâ this NOT
 whom is dig, i.e. a program was angew{hlt, with which nothing is to be seen, can itself the computer aufh{ngen.
 They lose then all programs and data stored so far, also at the moment the diskettes v|l in the floppy disk drives 
k|nnen lig in disorder its, i.e. all at it since present ten k|nnen lost its. The tracer 2 is so far without function. 
The 80 characters - card V2.0 The 80 character card offers to the user four files, which are used with the 
OPEN instruction k|nnen. The four files are DEFCOL, TEXT80, graph1 and GRAPH2.Ich me only once
 with first and the two last files besch{ftigt. DEFCOL: Erm|glich the access to 512 colours f}r basic, TEXT80
 and GRAPH1. Here those k|nnen color code (2-16) again defined who that now need no more the color 
code 2 black to be. The picture screen in basic has the code 2 f}r the writing and the code 8 f}r the background.
 F}r everything those, those this color combination does not assure the following line in the EX basic to direct mode.
 OPEN # 1:"DEFCOL ":: PRINT # 1:"1777,7700 " and is already the display blue and the writing Wei~. Now the
 Erl{uterung of the line. The OPEN instruction is probably clear. The PRINT instruction requires more exact attention.
 PRINT # 1: Write in under 1 ge|ffnete file here DEFCOL " 1777, set f}r to code 1 7 proportions of blue of 7 
proportions of red and 7 proportions of Gr}n 
In addition mu~ one knows, dâ the proportions between 0 and 7 varieren k|nnen and the total of all colours Wei~ is. 
To the code w{re still assure, dâ it to the basic code -1 correspond. Hereby the code 2 is thus set on Wei~. 7700 
" set f}r to code 7 (7+1=8) 7 proportions of blue of 0 proportions of red and 0 proportions of Gr}n K|nnen 
color code to be called, if they define themselves here with a comma separately sind.Einpr{gen mu~ one, dâ not as
 with CALL COLOR the Farbs{tze, but the Farbcode.Am best one can see successes in the frontispiece, if one 
verl{~t the basic with BYE. In addition here the arrangement the code into f}r the file DEFCOL g}ltigen designations.
 6 3 1 B C D F 4 2 D 8 E 5 9 A 6 The background has the code 7 and the writing the code 1. On the vollst{ndigen 
diskette is also the basic file COLOR/CCode, which erm|glicht a color defining of all colours. A DIS/VAR 80 file
 Names is created FARBCODE`, to which the einge placed colours be contained and thus also by other programs 
be used can. In addition the following program line: 
100 OPEN # 1:"DSK1.FARB/CODE` ", input:: LINPUT #1:A$:: CLO SE #1:: OPEN # 1:"DEFCOL ":: 
PRINT #1:A$:: CLOSE #1 
The new colours are located then also in many software to the en f}gung, e.g. the TI-CArtist. With it a picture
 with e.g. 15 Blaut|nen l{st itself draws now. And now still the code f}r some Modis. Mode writing background 
basic 1 7 wordprocessor Writer F 4 wordprocessor I/CO F 5 TEXT80 F 1 From a Writer the colours can 
wordprocessor be written then also with the storing of files in DEFCOL and defined after own interests. 
With the I/CO mu~ one already cheats. Umdefienierung on disk (RAM disk) SAVEn and then ]ber 
PRINT in DEFCOL " print ". Thus with the file DEFCOL no more color giving is connecting lich. 
With freundichen Gr}~en Einstein J}rgen B|hning * Borkener STR 1 * 2800 Bremen 41 The 80 - Character 
card File GRAPH1:Die file with the h|chsten Aufl|sung of 512 columns and 212 lines. However " only " 16 colours
 k|nnen to be called. 15 of these colours k|nnen however from 512 Farbt|nen with DEFCOL de to be finiert.
 100 OPEN # 1:"GRAPH1 " 100 the file GRAPH1 er|ffnet C c Set Color.Mit to this instruction the card the
 color combi nation indicated as now to zeichenen is. Hereunder applies 0 < = c < 16. With c=0 transparency 
is created. This code can be ge{ndert not with DEFCOL and is thus fixed. the Farbcobination under code 16 
creates 110 PRINT #1:"C 15 " 110 as colour. Here Basiccode-1.In the following example applies assumes
 I wei~. In graph operation k|nnen lines to be pulled and sets painted. In addition one places on the display a
 koordinatenkreuz at the x axis reflected to before that 0 point is situated itself in left upper Ecke.Nun k|nnen
 generally two instruction to be given: Positions [ nderung without draw 
Positions [ nderung with draw The movements k|nnen in two different types take place: Relative movement 
(of the present Cusorposition relative to one point that to this position is situated). Absolutbewegung (of the
 present Cusorposition one point relative to to the zero point is situated) according to the respective conditions
 is to be w{hlen the one or on dere character font. D x y Draw (absolute). more ]ber the instruction D of the
 present Cusorposition to the point of regulation a line Bestim mungspunkt (i.e. the terminator point of the line) 
is input to pull-pulling that than x and Y Koor dinate with reference to the zero point. If more than one pair of 
coordinates is determined, then they m}ssen by a D to be separated. 
Hereunder applies 0 < = X < 512 and 0 < = Y < to 212. " a wei~es rectangle brings 120 to
 PRINT #1:"D 200.0 D 200, 100 D 0.100 D 0.0 into the left upper corner of the picture of screen.
 M x y Move (absolute). With this statement each Bildschirmposi can be determined tion. It is with the D 
statement directly, only now no line is pulled. 
M x y Move (absolute). With this statement each Bildschirmposi can be determined tion. It is with the D 
statement directly, only now no line is pulled. 130 PRINT #1:"M 255.105 " F{hrt the center of the display on.
 J x y Character (relative). With this instruction a line can be drawn, those around x of steps to the right (or left,
 if x is negative) and around y of steps (or above, if y is negative) verl{uft downward. Here with -512 < X are 
< 512 and -212 < Y < 212. R x y Move (Relativ).Mit this instruction can be put a new position fixed, which 
around x of steps to the right (or left, if x is negative) and around y of steps (or oden, if y is tiv nega) is downward
 situated. 140 PRINT #1:"R -50, -25 J 10,0.0 J 0.50 J -100.0 J 0, -50 R 50.25 " Bingt a wei~es Recheck into
 the center of the display and f{hrt to the starting point zur}ck. 
W y x Draws a set. With this instruction a set can be drawn, which has the expansions of y and x. Here only the
 vertical expansion is indicated to seltsammer way and then the horizontal out expansion. The set is drawn with 
the x-y values around the the early position. In the GRAPH1 mu~ the x value approx. ' twice as gro~ like the y 
value f}r a set its, since in the x axle the double Aufl|sung takes place. 150 PRINT #1:"W 25 50 " draws a set
 into the rectangle. P A$ Printout one stringer with this instruction k|nnen character strings on the screen brought
 will-will that first characters thereby so set dâ the upper-left corner of the character equal the present Cusor 
position is. If the stringer is more l{nger than the workstation permitted, the last characters on a place are written 
at the lefthand side. The stringer mu~ a Abschlu~ take place-further graph of instruction m}s sen by a colon or
 with a new PRINT instruction ge separates become. 160 PRINT #1:"M 50,204 PDies is a test with p- wrongly. " 
Line 160 writes a stringer at the lowest edge of display. H Display f{rben. This instruction brings the entire
display into the colour lying close under C. 180 to PRINT #1:"C 0 H " brings the Bildschrim into the output 
zur}ck. There is also CALL SCREEN of instruction f}r the gesammte display colour zust{ndig. We give to 
the Abschlu~ still 170 CALL KEY(0, k, s):: IF S<1 THEN 170 so that we still regard the program lines 
ausf}hrung k|n nen before the display are again gel|scht. Much Spâ when testing Einstein from Bremen 
J}rgen B|hning * Borkener STR 1 * 2800 Bremen 41 The 80-character card File GRAPH2: Probably is
 the farbreicheste file, because now 256 different colours k|nnen here on a display to be at the same time brought. 
However the Aufl|sung with 256*212 suffers points from it. Ansondsten are alike the instruction from GRAPH1.
 Only the values, on the column number refer are beside the colours zubeachten.Als x value apply now with M 
and D 0< = X < 256 and with J -256 < X < 256.Der set need now almost same x and y the values to become 
over round. 
To the colours some is too forget here assembles itself the colours now directly, hei~t it will }ber code ge 
controls and does not k|nnen not, like before, to be defieniert, which also applies f}r a CALL SCREEN 
instruction (unfortunately). In principle the colours assemble themselves as with DEFCOL, dâ now blue do 
not only sieve but only three as max. value have-having those Farbt|ne cannot then as follows be calculated: 
BLAU+ROT*4+GR]N*32. In addition the calculations of Wei~ with this formula: BLUE = 3 * 1 = 3 
RED = 7 * 4 = 28 GR]N = 7 * 32 = 224 --- Gesammt 255 N{heres with the basic program file FARBEN, 
which represents the further values with the colours. Now still tips, which have also f}r GRAPH1 G}ltigkeit. 
One point: Position with M anw{hlen and then with J the point set. In addition is zuwissen, dâ, if no values
 are indicated as parameters, zero are assumed. 
110 FOR I=1 TO OF 300:: PRINT #1:"C";INT(RND*256);"M";INT(RND*256);INT(RND*212);"J " 3: NEXT I
 Brings 300 points in zuf{lligen colours at zuf{lligen points on the display. PRINT #1:"C 0 H " 

Brings the display into the formation zur}ck, which fen after the Er|f a Graphic mode were given. More m}sste
 from the demos on the diskette awards its. A MERGE file (BOX D/V163) sets a box on the Bildschrim.Die 
parameter ]bergaben is in REM lines erkl{rt.Weitere MERGE file is f}r the representation of a disk (gef}hlter
 Kreis), X axle and BLOCK Grafic. Since we looked now into the basic instruction, still times which Theo of 
retisches. Pictures in the GRAPH1 schwarz/wei~ are, gotten in the GRAPH2 pl|tzlich colour. This fact is simply 
too interprets lichen.Jeder point of display in GRAPH1 is an address with a memory of 8 bits GRAPH1 uses
 these contents individually. Thus he gives itself values between 0 and 15. GRAPH2 uses two memory of contents
 f}r one point. Contents of an even address (0.2.4....,,254...) are multiplied thereby by 16 and the value follow 
address in addition to add-have we now in GRAPH1 black wei~ a picture, are in the individual addresses the 
value 0(f}r black) or 15 (f}r wei~). There are now 4 variations, which sen on two addr it occur k|nnen 
(0-0.0-15.15-0 and 15-15). In GRAPH2 from it the values 0, 15, 240 and 255 result. We calculate now the 
colours f}r the values in the GRAPH2.Dazu mu~ the formula G*32+R*4+B up to be geschl}sselt: 
Gr}n (g) = INT (Wert/32) red (r) = INT ((Wert-G*32)/4) blue (B) = Wert-G*32-R*4 We calculate now 
first option-end values with these formulas, come we the following result: GRAPH1 value in 
GRAPH2 GRB 0 - 0 = 16 * 0+ 0 = 0 = 000 = no color components = black 0 - 15 = 16 * 0+15 = 15 = 033 = 1/2 
red and full blue = d. lila one 15 - 0 = 16*15+ 0 = 240 = 740 = full Gr}n and 1/2 red = h. Gr}n 15 - 15 = 16*15+15
 = 255 = 773 = 
Now it d}rfte probably all clearly its from where the colours come in the GRAPH2 mode. Much Spâ when
 testing Einstein J}rgen B|hning * Borkener Str.1 * 2800 Bremen 41 Control code f}r the 80-character card 
==================================== 
CHR$(17) L|scht the display CHR$(19) Home f}r the cursor CHR$(18) flash a CHR$(20) flash out 
CHR$(27) followed of 101 all turn signals 98 n m cursor in line (0-25) l|scht, column (0-79) 112 n n = 
Eingabenl{nge SIZE(n) remains receives to 99 n m colours f}r normal, flashes ((v-1)*16+h-1) 102 n 
flashing times Normal*16+Blink the character n does not form 38 0 n DEFSTR$ after DEFSTR$ around 
105 lines gel|scht with INPUT 106 lines gel|scht with INPUTS Time table ----------
 0-0,00 4-0,67 8-1,34 12-2,00 1-0,16 5-0,83 9-1,50 13-2,17 3-0,33 6-1,00 10-1,67 14-2,34 3-0,50
 7-1,17 11-1.84 15-2,50