Thanks for your reply.
A bad mod was what I would have though also, but I have two of these systems with exactly the same problem.
I bought it from someone in the UK, where he said it worked 100% ok.
Could it have something to do with the 110/240v difference (I live in the netherlands)?
The adapter supports both, but maybe it is causing interference or something.
The TV I use is a samung UE32ES6710.
It is connected with a composite cable directly to the TV.
I included some pics of the mod itself.
The connection points are all checked with a multimeter, and are ok.
It is configured for PAL, which is the system we use over here.
ps: Modding such a classic machine might look bad, but this mod can be reverted. Everything is left original, it's just a small circuit board on top which can be safely removed.